第7章 · 多版本对照
中文版本
通行本(王弼本)
天长地久。天地所以能长且久者,以其不自生,故能长生。是以圣人后其身而身先,外其身而身存。非以其无私邪?故能成其私。
王弼注
自生则与物争.不自生则物归也.无私者无为于身也.身先身存.故曰能成其私也。
河上公注
天長地久。說天地長生久壽,以喻教人也。天地所以能長且久者,以其不自生,天地所以獨長且久者,以其安靜施,不責報,不如人居處汲汲求自饒之私,奪人以自與。故能長生。以其不求生,故能長生不終也。是以聖人後其身先人而後己者也。而身先;天下敬之,先以為長。外其身薄己而厚人也。而身存。百姓愛之如父母,神明祐之若赤子,故身常存。非以其無私邪,聖人為人所愛,神明所祐,非以其公正無私所致乎。故能成其私。人以為私者,欲以厚己也。聖人無私而己自厚,故能成其私也。
帛书异文
帛书本与通行本基本一致。
郭店异文
郭店楚简无此章内容。
English Versions
D.C. Lau 译本
Heaven and earth are enduring. The reason why heaven and earth can be enduring is that they do not give themselves life. Hence they are able to be long-lived. Therefore the sage puts his person last and it comes first, Treats it as extraneous to himself and it is preserved. Is it not because he is without thought of self that he is able to accomplish his private ends?
Henricks 译本(基于帛书)
1. Heaven endures; Earth lasts a long time. 2. The reason why Heaven and Earth can endure and last a long time — 3. Is that they do not live for themselves. 4. Therefore they can long endure. 5. Therefore the Sage: 6. Puts himself in the background yet finds himself in the foreground; 7. Puts self-concern out of [his mind], yet finds self-concern in the fore; 8. Puts self-concern out of [his mind], yet finds that his self-concern is preserved. 9. Is it not because he has no self-interest, 10. That he is therefore able to realize his self-interest?
Addiss & Lombardo 诗意译本
Heaven is lasting, earth enduring. The reason heaven and earth can last and endure is that they do not have a life of their own. This is why they last. Thus the sage puts himself last and finds himself in the forefront; considers himself an outsider and finds himself safe. Isn't it because he's unselfish that he's fulfilled?
王夫之《老子衍》
夫胎壯則母羸.實登則莖獲,其不疑天地之羸且獲者鮮也。乃天地不得不食萬物矣,而未嘗為之食。胎各有元,荄各有蕾,遊其虛中,而究取資於自有。聖人不以身犯准,是後之也;不以身入中,是外之也。食萬物而不恩,食於萬物而萬物不怨。故無所施功,而功灌於苴鹵;無所期穗,而德行於曾玄;而乃以配天地之長久。
憨山德清注
此言天地以不生故長生,以比聖人忘身故身存也。意謂世人各圖一己之私,以為長久計。殊不知有我之私者,皆不能長久也。何物長久,唯天地長久。然天地所以長久者,以其不自私其生,故能長生。其次則聖人長久,是以聖人體天地之德,不私其身以先人,故人樂推而不厭。故曰後其身而身先。聖人不愛身以喪道,故身死而道存。道存則千古如生,即身存也。故曰外其身而身存。老子言此,乃審問之曰,此豈不是聖人以無私而返成其私耶。且世人營營為一身之謀,欲作千秋之計者,身死而名滅。是雖私,不能成其私,何長久之有。
通行本(王弼本)
天长地久。天地所以能长且久者,以其不自生,故能长生。是以圣人后其身而身先,外其身而身存。非以其无私邪?故能成其私。
王弼注
自生则与物争.不自生则物归也.无私者无为于身也.身先身存.故曰能成其私也。
河上公注
天長地久。說天地長生久壽,以喻教人也。天地所以能長且久者,以其不自生,天地所以獨長且久者,以其安靜施,不責報,不如人居處汲汲求自饒之私,奪人以自與。故能長生。以其不求生,故能長生不終也。是以聖人後其身先人而後己者也。而身先;天下敬之,先以為長。外其身薄己而厚人也。而身存。百姓愛之如父母,神明祐之若赤子,故身常存。非以其無私邪,聖人為人所愛,神明所祐,非以其公正無私所致乎。故能成其私。人以為私者,欲以厚己也。聖人無私而己自厚,故能成其私也。
王夫之注
夫胎壯則母羸.實登則莖獲,其不疑天地之羸且獲者鮮也。乃天地不得不食萬物矣,而未嘗為之食。胎各有元,荄各有蕾,遊其虛中,而究取資於自有。聖人不以身犯准,是後之也;不以身入中,是外之也。食萬物而不恩,食於萬物而萬物不怨。故無所施功,而功灌於苴鹵;無所期穗,而德行於曾玄;而乃以配天地之長久。
憨山德清注
此言天地以不生故長生,以比聖人忘身故身存也。意謂世人各圖一己之私,以為長久計。殊不知有我之私者,皆不能長久也。何物長久,唯天地長久。然天地所以長久者,以其不自私其生,故能長生。其次則聖人長久,是以聖人體天地之德,不私其身以先人,故人樂推而不厭。故曰後其身而身先。聖人不愛身以喪道,故身死而道存。道存則千古如生,即身存也。故曰外其身而身存。老子言此,乃審問之曰,此豈不是聖人以無私而返成其私耶。且世人營營為一身之謀,欲作千秋之計者,身死而名滅。是雖私,不能成其私,何長久之有。
帛书异文
帛书本与通行本基本一致。
郭店异文
郭店楚简无此章内容。
D.C. Lau 英译
Heaven and earth are enduring. The reason why heaven and earth can be enduring is that they do not give themselves life. Hence they are able to be long-lived. Therefore the sage puts his person last and it comes first, Treats it as extraneous to himself and it is preserved. Is it not because he is without thought of self that he is able to accomplish his private ends?
差异高亮模式:突出显示各版本之间的主要差异
原文 vs 帛书异文
| 通行本 | 帛书差异 |
|---|---|
| 天长地久。天地所以能长且久者,以其不自生,故能长生。是以圣人后其身而身先,外其身而身存。非以其无私邪?故能成其私。 | 帛书本与通行本基本一致。 |
王弼注 vs 河上公注
| 王弼注 | 河上公注 |
|---|---|
| 自生则与物争.不自生则物归也.无私者无为于身也.身先身存.故曰能成其私也。 | 天長地久。說天地長生久壽,以喻教人也。天地所以能長且久者,以其不自生,天地所以獨長且久者,以其安靜施,不責報,不如人居處汲汲求自饒之私,奪人以自與。故能長生。以其不求生,故能長生不終也。是以聖人後其身先人而後己者也。而身先;天下敬之,先以為長。外其身薄己而厚人也。而身存。百姓愛之如父母,神明祐之若赤子,故身常存。非以其無私邪,聖人為人所愛,神明所祐,非以其公正無私所致乎。故能成其私。人以為私者,欲以厚己也。聖人無私而己自厚,故能成其私也。 |